Website Top 20 Landmark Judgments of the Constitution

The Constitution of India is a living document that has evolved through various interpretations and landmark judgments by the Supreme Court. These judgments have not only shaped the legal landscape of the country but have also played a crucial role in upholding democracy, protecting fundamental rights, and ensuring justice. In this blog, we will explore the top 50 landmark judgments that have left an indelible mark on the Indian Constitution.

1. Kesavananda Bharati Case (1973)

This landmark case established the basic structure doctrine, asserting that certain fundamental features of the Constitution cannot be altered or destroyed by amendments.

2. Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India (1978)

In this case, the Supreme Court expanded the interpretation of personal liberty under Article 21, ruling that it cannot be curtailed without a fair procedure.

3. Minerva Mills v. Union of India (1980)

This judgment reinforced the supremacy of the Constitution over Parliament, emphasizing that Parliament cannot alter or destroy its basic structure.

4. Indira Gandhi v. Raj Narain (1975)

The court annulled Indira Gandhi's election, affirming that amendments violating the basic structure are unconstitutional.

5. Triple Talaq Judgment (2017)

The Supreme Court declared the practice of instant divorce in Islam unconstitutional, marking a significant step towards gender justice.

6. Navtej Singh Johar v. Union of India (2018)

This judgment decriminalized Section 377, which criminalized consensual same-sex relations, marking a victory for LGBTQ+ rights in India.

7. Shayara Bano v. Union of India (2017)

The court struck down triple talaq as unconstitutional, emphasizing equality and justice for Muslim women.

8. S.R. Bommai v. Union of India (1994)

This case clarified the scope of Article 356, limiting its misuse by establishing guidelines for imposing President's Rule in states.

9. Vishaka v. State of Rajasthan (1997)

The Supreme Court laid down guidelines to prevent sexual harassment at the workplace, marking a significant step towards women's rights.

10. Olga Tellis v. Bombay Municipal Corporation (1985)

This judgment recognized the right to livelihood as an integral part of the right to life under Article 21.

11. M.C. Mehta v. Union of India (1986)

This case highlighted environmental rights and established the principle of absolute liability for polluters.

12. K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India (2017)

The Supreme Court recognized the right to privacy as a fundamental right under Article 21, significantly impacting data protection laws.

13. Indian Young Lawyers Association v. State of Kerala (2018)

The court allowed women to enter the Sabarimala temple, emphasizing gender equality and women's rights.

14. Ranjit Udeshi v. State of Maharashtra (1965)

This case upheld freedom of expression while balancing it against societal morals and public order.

15. Ashoka Kumar Thakur v. Union of India (2008)

The Supreme Court upheld reservations for OBCs in educational institutions while ensuring meritocracy.

16. Kedar Nath Singh v. State of Bihar (1962)

This judgment upheld the constitutional validity of Section 124A (sedition) while protecting free speech within reasonable bounds.

17. Delhi Judicial Service Association v. State of Gujarat (2002)

The court emphasized judicial independence and laid down guidelines for judicial appointments and transfers.

18. Mohini Jain v. State of Karnataka (1992)

This landmark ruling declared that education is a fundamental right, reinforcing access to education for all citizens.

19. Unni Krishnan J.P. v. State of Andhra Pradesh (1993)

Following Mohini Jain, this case further established that the right to education is a fundamental right under Article 21.

20. Bhima Koregaon Case

The Supreme Court's decision in this ongoing case has implications for civil liberties and dissent in India, highlighting issues related to freedom of expression and human rights.

Conclusion

These landmark judgments reflect the dynamic nature of India's constitutional framework and its commitment to justice, equality, and democracy. Each ruling has contributed significantly to protecting individual rights and shaping public policy in India.

Why These Judgments Matter

Understanding these judgments is crucial for anyone interested in Indian law, governance, or civil rights as they provide insight into how legal principles evolve and adapt to societal changes.

(caution : Our articles cannot and should not be considered as a replacement of a professional legal advice as there are many intricacies that may not have mentioned here)

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